Entry
Name
PI3K-Akt signaling pathway - Phascolarctos cinereus (koala)
Description
The phosphatidylinositol 3' -kinase(PI3K)-Akt signaling pathway is activated by many types of cellular stimuli or toxic insults and regulates fundamental cellular functions such as transcription, translation, proliferation, growth, and survival. The binding of growth factors to their receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) or G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) stimulates class Ia and Ib PI3K isoforms, respectively. PI3K catalyzes the production of phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-triphosphate (PIP3) at the cell membrane. PIP3 in turn serves as a second messenger that helps to activate Akt. Once active, Akt can control key cellular processes by phosphorylating substrates involved in apoptosis, protein synthesis, metabolism, and cell cycle.
Class
Environmental Information Processing; Signal transduction
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Other DBs
Organism
Phascolarctos cinereus (koala) [GN:
pcw ]
Gene
110192449 PHLPP2; PH domain leucine-rich repeat-containing protein phosphatase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K16340 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
110192878 PPP2R2B; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04354 ]
110193052 LPAR4; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: lysophosphatidic acid receptor 4 [KO:K04275 ]
110193513 RAC1; ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04392 ]
110193602 PKN3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: serine/threonine-protein kinase N3 [KO:K23692 ]
110193996 EIF4B; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4B isoform X1 [KO:K03258 ]
110194004 NR4A1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 1 [KO:K04465 ]
110194373 PIK3R5; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 5 isoform X1 [KO:K21290 ]
110195321 PPP2R5B; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit beta isoform [KO:K11584 ]
110195466 GNG3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-3 [KO:K04540 ]
110195467 BAD; bcl2-associated agonist of cell death isoform X1 [KO:K02158 ]
110195533 VEGFB; vascular endothelial growth factor B isoform X1 [KO:K16858 ]
110197002 FASLG; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 [KO:K04389 ]
110197222 COL4A3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: collagen alpha-3(IV) chain [KO:K06237 ]
110197331 PPP2R5C; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit gamma isoform isoform X1 [KO:K11584 ]
110197489 CREB3L3; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K09048 ]
110198231 GNG10; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-10 [KO:K04545 ]
110198683 PPP2R2D; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04354 ]
110198993 IL2RA; interleukin-2 receptor subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K05068 ]
110199423 ATF6B; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-6 beta [KO:K09049 ]
110199476 PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
110200415 FGF17; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: fibroblast growth factor 17 [KO:K04358 ]
110200602 GNB1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 [KO:K04536 ]
110201024 IL2RG; cytokine receptor common subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K05070 ]
110201274 PPP2R5D; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit delta isoform [KO:K11584 ]
110201388 SOS1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: son of sevenless homolog 1 [KO:K03099 ]
110201451 CREB3; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K09048 ]
110201572 PDGFA; platelet-derived growth factor subunit A isoform X1 [KO:K04359 ]
110202405 GNG8; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-8 isoform X1 [KO:K04544 ]
110202413 GNG11; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-11 [KO:K04546 ]
110202430 GNGT1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(T) subunit gamma-T1 [KO:K04548 ]
110202719 MAGI1; membrane-associated guanylate kinase, WW and PDZ domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05631 ]
110202795 GNB2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-2 [KO:K04537 ]
110204454 PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
110204582 GNB4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-4 [KO:K04538 ]
110204813 GNB5; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-5 [KO:K04539 ]
110205742 IL2RB; interleukin-2 receptor subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K05069 ]
110205795 PDGFB; platelet-derived growth factor subunit B isoform X1 [KO:K17386 ]
110205802 ATF4; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 [KO:K04374 ]
110206350 CSF3R; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor [KO:K05061 ]
110206961 MAGI2; membrane-associated guanylate kinase, WW and PDZ domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05629 ]
110207004 PIK3CG; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit gamma isoform [KO:K21289 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
110207491 RBL2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: retinoblastoma-like protein 2 [KO:K16332 ]
110207589 EIF4EBP1; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 [KO:K07205 ]
110208200 PPP2R3A; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B'' subunit alpha [KO:K11583 ]
110208219 PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
110208451 PPP2R5E; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit epsilon isoform isoform X1 [KO:K11584 ]
110209065 COL6A5; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: collagen alpha-5(VI) chain [KO:K06238 ]
110209293 PIK3R3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma [KO:K02649 ]
110209686 NFKB1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit [KO:K02580 ]
110209930 GNG5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-5 [KO:K04542 ]
110210692 PPP2R1B; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 65 kDa regulatory subunit A beta isoform [KO:K03456 ]
110211588 ATF2; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-2 [KO:K04450 ]
110211727 PPP2CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04382 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
110211797 PPP2R3C; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B'' subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K11583 ]
110211993 CRTC2; CREB-regulated transcription coactivator 2 isoform X1 [KO:K16333 ]
110211994 CREB3L4; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K09048 ]
110212192 PPP2R2C; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: protein phosphatase 2, regulatory subunit B, gamma [KO:K04354 ]
110212739 PPP2R3B; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B'' subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K11583 ]
110212886 GNG12; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-12 [KO:K04347 ]
110213063 CREB5; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 5 isoform X1 [KO:K09047 ]
110213789 GNB3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-3 [KO:K07825 ]
110214692 PHLPP1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: PH domain leucine-rich repeat-containing protein phosphatase 1 [KO:K16340 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
110214853 IFNAR2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: interferon alpha/beta receptor 2 [KO:K05131 ]
110214886 GDNF; glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor isoform X1 [KO:K05452 ]
110214934 OSMR; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: oncostatin-M-specific receptor subunit beta [KO:K05057 ]
110215430 PIK3AP1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: phosphoinositide 3-kinase adapter protein 1 [KO:K12230 ]
110215704 GNGT2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-T2 [KO:K04549 ]
110215860 NGFR; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 16 [KO:K02583 ]
110216252 CREB3L2; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K09048 ]
110216530 PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649 ]
110216814 EIF4E1B; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E type 1B [KO:K03259 ]
110217257 CDKN1A; cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06625 ]
110217882 GNG4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-4 [KO:K04541 ]
110218186 RPTOR; regulatory-associated protein of mTOR isoform X1 [KO:K07204 ]
110218309 CSF1; macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05453 ]
110218707 CDKN1B; cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B isoform X1 [KO:K06624 ]
110219700 FLT3LG; fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand isoform X1 [KO:K05454 ]
110219910 PPP2R1A; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 65 kDa regulatory subunit A alpha isoform [KO:K03456 ]
110220506 MCL1; induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1 isoform X1 [KO:K02539 ]
110221208 EIF4E2; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E type 2 isoform X1 [KO:K03259 ]
110221658 IL4R; interleukin-4 receptor subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K05071 ]
110222026 GNG13; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-13 [KO:K04547 ]
110222633 PPP2R2A; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B alpha isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04354 ]
110222677 PPP2R5A; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit alpha isoform [KO:K11584 ]
110223284 CREB1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05870 ]
110223395 PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649 ]
110223453 GNG7; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-7 [KO:K04543 ]
110224036 CREB3L1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 1 [KO:K09048 ]
Compound
C04637 1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate
C05981 Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
Authors
Engelman JA, Luo J, Cantley LC
Title
The evolution of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases as regulators of growth and metabolism.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Song G, Ouyang G, Bao S
Title
The activation of Akt/PKB signaling pathway and cell survival.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Hers I, Vincent EE, Tavare JM
Title
Akt signalling in health and disease.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Duronio V
Title
The life of a cell: apoptosis regulation by the PI3K/PKB pathway.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Kim D, Chung J.
Title
Akt: versatile mediator of cell survival and beyond.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Koyasu S
Title
The role of PI3K in immune cells.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Okkenhaug K, Vanhaesebroeck B.
Title
PI3K in lymphocyte development, differentiation and activation.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Richardson CJ, Schalm SS, Blenis J
Title
PI3-kinase and TOR: PIKTORing cell growth.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Zhang X, Tang N, Hadden TJ, Rishi AK
Title
Akt, FoxO and regulation of apoptosis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Georgescu MM
Title
PTEN Tumor Suppressor Network in PI3K-Akt Pathway Control.
Journal
Reference
Authors
West KA, Castillo SS, Dennis PA
Title
Activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway and chemotherapeutic resistance.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Wymann MP, Pirola L
Title
Structure and function of phosphoinositide 3-kinases.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Moelling K, Schad K, Bosse M, Zimmermann S, Schweneker M
Title
Regulation of Raf-Akt Cross-talk.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Kikani CK, Dong LQ, Liu F
Title
"New"-clear functions of PDK1: beyond a master kinase in the cytosol?
Journal
Reference
Authors
Blume-Jensen P, Hunter T
Title
Oncogenic kinase signalling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Osaki M, Oshimura M, Ito H
Title
PI3K-Akt pathway: its functions and alterations in human cancer.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Noguchi M, Ropars V, Roumestand C, Suizu F
Title
Proto-oncogene TCL1: more than just a coactivator for Akt.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Lemmon MA, Schlessinger J
Title
Cell signaling by receptor tyrosine kinases.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Skaper SD
Title
The neurotrophin family of neurotrophic factors: an overview.
Journal
Related pathway
pcw04620 Toll-like receptor signaling pathway
pcw04662 B cell receptor signaling pathway
KO pathway