Entry
Name
PI3K-Akt signaling pathway - Ictidomys tridecemlineatus (thirteen-lined ground squirrel)
Description
The phosphatidylinositol 3' -kinase(PI3K)-Akt signaling pathway is activated by many types of cellular stimuli or toxic insults and regulates fundamental cellular functions such as transcription, translation, proliferation, growth, and survival. The binding of growth factors to their receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) or G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) stimulates class Ia and Ib PI3K isoforms, respectively. PI3K catalyzes the production of phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-triphosphate (PIP3) at the cell membrane. PIP3 in turn serves as a second messenger that helps to activate Akt. Once active, Akt can control key cellular processes by phosphorylating substrates involved in apoptosis, protein synthesis, metabolism, and cell cycle.
Class
Environmental Information Processing; Signal transduction
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Other DBs
Organism
Ictidomys tridecemlineatus (thirteen-lined ground squirrel) [GN:
iti ]
Gene
101954294 Phlpp2; PH domain leucine-rich repeat-containing protein phosphatase 2 isoform X2 [KO:K16340 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
101955252 Pik3cg; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit gamma isoform [KO:K21289 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
101955315 Eif4e1b; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E type 1B [KO:K03259 ]
101955606 Rptor; regulatory-associated protein of mTOR isoform X1 [KO:K07204 ]
101956319 Gnb3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-3 [KO:K07825 ]
101956398 Gng14; putative guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-14 [KO:K04347 ]
101958021 Pik3r6; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 6 isoform X2 [KO:K21290 ]
101958546 Ppp2cb; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K04382 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
101958576 Osmr; oncostatin-M-specific receptor subunit beta isoform X2 [KO:K05057 ]
101959389 Creb5; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 5 [KO:K09047 ]
101959621 Gdnf; glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor isoform X2 [KO:K05452 ]
101959670 Ppp2r2c; protein phosphatase 2, regulatory subunit B, gamma isoform X1 [KO:K04354 ]
101959829 Creb3l1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 1 isoform X2 [KO:K09048 ]
101959966 Ppp2r2a; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B alpha isoform isoform X2 [KO:K04354 ]
101960134 Flt3lg; fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand isoform X3 [KO:K05454 ]
101960285 Atf2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-2 [KO:K04450 ]
101960598 Bad; bcl2-associated agonist of cell death isoform X2 [KO:K02158 ]
101961679 Il2rg; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cytokine receptor common subunit gamma [KO:K05070 ]
101961798 Atf4; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 [KO:K04374 ]
101961877 Cdkn1a; cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06625 ]
101962360 Pik3r1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649 ]
101962445 Ppp2r5d; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit delta isoform isoform X2 [KO:K11584 ]
101962695 Gng7; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-7 [KO:K04543 ]
101962777 Gng3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-3 [KO:K04540 ]
101962827 Ppp2r2d; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04354 ]
101963674 Gng4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-4 [KO:K04541 ]
101963760 Gnb5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-5 [KO:K04539 ]
101963872 Pdgfa; platelet-derived growth factor subunit A isoform X2 [KO:K04359 ]
101963921 Ppp2r5a; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit alpha isoform [KO:K11584 ]
101964440 Magi2; membrane-associated guanylate kinase, WW and PDZ domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05629 ]
101964684 Pik3r2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649 ]
101964691 Creb1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05870 ]
101964768 Creb3l2; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 2 [KO:K09048 ]
101965108 Faslg; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 [KO:K04389 ]
101965489 Mlst8; target of rapamycin complex subunit LST8 isoform X3 [KO:K08266 ]
101965569 Gng5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-5 [KO:K04542 ]
101965711 Ppp2r3c; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B'' subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K11583 ]
101965867 Ppp2r3b; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B'' subunit beta [KO:K11583 ]
101966092 Gng11; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-11 [KO:K04546 ]
101966388 Gngt1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(T) subunit gamma-T1 isoform X1 [KO:K04548 ]
101966565 Csf3r; granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor [KO:K05061 ]
101966934 Ppp2ca; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K04382 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
101966977 Ngfr; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 16 [KO:K02583 ]
101967027 Ppp2r1b; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 65 kDa regulatory subunit A beta isoform isoform X4 [KO:K03456 ]
101968522 Gng2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 [KO:K07826 ]
101969446 Gngt2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-T2 [KO:K04549 ]
101969946 Ppp2r1a; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 65 kDa regulatory subunit A alpha isoform isoform X1 [KO:K03456 ]
101969979 Pik3r5; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 5 [KO:K21290 ]
101970320 Csf3; granulocyte colony-stimulating factor isoform X2 [KO:K05423 ]
101970750 Pik3cb; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
101970818 Gng13; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-13 [KO:K04547 ]
101972573 Nfkb1; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform X2 [KO:K02580 ]
101972729 Gnb1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 [KO:K04536 ]
101972847 Ppp2r5e; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit epsilon isoform isoform X4 [KO:K11584 ]
101972903 Pik3r3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma [KO:K02649 ]
101973809 Ppp2r2b; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B beta isoform isoform X2 [KO:K04354 ]
101974705 Eif4ebp1; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 [KO:K07205 ]
101974952 Mcl1; induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1 isoform X1 [KO:K02539 ]
101975051 Creb3l3; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 3 [KO:K09048 ]
101975134 Gnb4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-4 isoform X1 [KO:K04538 ]
101975227 Ppp2r3a; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B'' subunit alpha isoform X3 [KO:K11583 ]
101975241 Gng12; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-12 [KO:K04347 ]
101975370 Atf6b; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-6 beta [KO:K09049 ]
101975748 Ppp2r5c; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit gamma isoform isoform X1 [KO:K11584 ]
101976353 Pik3ca; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
101977109 Crtc2; CREB-regulated transcription coactivator 2 isoform X1 [KO:K16333 ]
101977233 Vegfa; vascular endothelial growth factor A isoform X1 [KO:K05448 ]
101977585 Ppp2r5b; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit beta isoform [KO:K11584 ]
101977662 Creb3l4; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K09048 ]
101977828 Eif4e; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E isoform X3 [KO:K03259 ]
101978230 Pik3cd; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
101978298 Gnb2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-2 [KO:K04537 ]
101978586 Creb3; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3 [KO:K09048 ]
101978587 Eif4e2; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E type 2 isoform X1 [KO:K03259 ]
106145241 Gng8; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-8 isoform X2 [KO:K04544 ]
Compound
C04637 1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate
C05981 Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
Authors
Engelman JA, Luo J, Cantley LC
Title
The evolution of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases as regulators of growth and metabolism.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Song G, Ouyang G, Bao S
Title
The activation of Akt/PKB signaling pathway and cell survival.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Hers I, Vincent EE, Tavare JM
Title
Akt signalling in health and disease.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Duronio V
Title
The life of a cell: apoptosis regulation by the PI3K/PKB pathway.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Kim D, Chung J.
Title
Akt: versatile mediator of cell survival and beyond.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Koyasu S
Title
The role of PI3K in immune cells.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Okkenhaug K, Vanhaesebroeck B.
Title
PI3K in lymphocyte development, differentiation and activation.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Richardson CJ, Schalm SS, Blenis J
Title
PI3-kinase and TOR: PIKTORing cell growth.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Zhang X, Tang N, Hadden TJ, Rishi AK
Title
Akt, FoxO and regulation of apoptosis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Georgescu MM
Title
PTEN Tumor Suppressor Network in PI3K-Akt Pathway Control.
Journal
Reference
Authors
West KA, Castillo SS, Dennis PA
Title
Activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway and chemotherapeutic resistance.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Wymann MP, Pirola L
Title
Structure and function of phosphoinositide 3-kinases.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Moelling K, Schad K, Bosse M, Zimmermann S, Schweneker M
Title
Regulation of Raf-Akt Cross-talk.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Kikani CK, Dong LQ, Liu F
Title
"New"-clear functions of PDK1: beyond a master kinase in the cytosol?
Journal
Reference
Authors
Blume-Jensen P, Hunter T
Title
Oncogenic kinase signalling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Osaki M, Oshimura M, Ito H
Title
PI3K-Akt pathway: its functions and alterations in human cancer.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Noguchi M, Ropars V, Roumestand C, Suizu F
Title
Proto-oncogene TCL1: more than just a coactivator for Akt.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Lemmon MA, Schlessinger J
Title
Cell signaling by receptor tyrosine kinases.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Skaper SD
Title
The neurotrophin family of neurotrophic factors: an overview.
Journal
Related pathway
iti04620 Toll-like receptor signaling pathway
iti04662 B cell receptor signaling pathway
KO pathway