Entry
Name
MAPK signaling pathway - Sciurus carolinensis (gray squirrel)
Description
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade is a highly conserved module that is involved in various cellular functions, including cell proliferation, differentiation and migration. Mammals express at least four distinctly regulated groups of MAPKs, extracellular signal-related kinases (ERK)-1/2, Jun amino-terminal kinases (JNK1/2/3), p38 proteins (p38alpha/beta/gamma/delta) and ERK5, that are activated by specific MAPKKs: MEK1/2 for ERK1/2, MKK3/6 for the p38, MKK4/7 (JNKK1/2) for the JNKs, and MEK5 for ERK5. Each MAPKK, however, can be activated by more than one MAPKKK, increasing the complexity and diversity of MAPK signalling. Presumably each MAPKKK confers responsiveness to distinct stimuli. For example, activation of ERK1/2 by growth factors depends on the MAPKKK c-Raf, but other MAPKKKs may activate ERK1/2 in response to pro-inflammatory stimuli.
Class
Environmental Information Processing; Signal transduction
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Ortholog table
Other DBs
Organism
Sciurus carolinensis (gray squirrel) [GN:
ncar ]
Gene
124969155 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A-like [KO:K04344 ]
124964767 voltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1B [KO:K04849 ]
124982084 voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C [KO:K04850 ]
124968359 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D-like [KO:K04851 ]
124961627 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: voltage-dependent R-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1E-like [KO:K04852 ]
124971751 voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F isoform X1 [KO:K04853 ]
124979221 voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1G isoform X1 [KO:K04854 ]
124970247 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1H-like [KO:K04855 ]
124982472 voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1I isoform X1 [KO:K04856 ]
124961645 voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S [KO:K04857 ]
124990321 voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04858 ]
124992864 voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04859 ]
124969140 voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-3 isoform X1 [KO:K04860 ]
124982731 voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-4 [KO:K04861 ]
124980591 voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04862 ]
124961976 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-2-like [KO:K04863 ]
124982456 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-3-like [KO:K04864 ]
124979835 voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-4 isoform X1 [KO:K04865 ]
124982217 voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K04867 ]
124966037 voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-7 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K04872 ]
124993726 guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-12 [KO:K04347 ]
124969192 putative guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-14 [KO:K04347 ]
124994051 serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit alpha isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
124984768 serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
124982403 serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit gamma isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
124978031 ras-specific guanine nucleotide-releasing factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04349 ]
124987550 ras-specific guanine nucleotide-releasing factor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12326 ]
124959202 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2-like [KO:K08018 ]
124969224 macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K05453 ]
124987151 glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor isoform X1 [KO:K05452 ]
124984015 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: ragulator complex protein LAMTOR3-like [KO:K04370 ]
124967085 transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein isoform X1 [KO:K13375 ]
124962328 transforming growth factor beta-2 proprotein isoform X1 [KO:K13376 ]
124984003 tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A-like [KO:K03158 ]
124984583 tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6-like isoform X1 [KO:K04390 ]
124970154 ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04392 ]
124980331 ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 3 isoform X1 [KO:K07861 ]
124966312 tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1-associated DEATH domain protein-like isoform X1 [KO:K03171 ]
124968831 myeloid differentiation primary response protein MyD88 [KO:K04729 ]
124987492 growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 alpha [KO:K04402 ]
124968653 growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 beta isoform X1 [KO:K04402 ]
124965544 growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 gamma [KO:K04402 ]
124983359 TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 and MAP3K7-binding protein 1-like [KO:K04403 ]
124988761 TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 and MAP3K7-binding protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04404 ]
124968333 evolutionarily conserved signaling intermediate in Toll pathway, mitochondrial-like isoform X1 [KO:K04405 ]
124992491 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: serine/threonine-protein kinase 3-like [KO:K04412 ]
124980435 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4-like [KO:K04430 ] [EC:2.7.12.2 ]
124958394 C-Jun-amino-terminal kinase-interacting protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04434 ]
124983647 C-Jun-amino-terminal kinase-interacting protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04435 ]
124970516 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: C-Jun-amino-terminal kinase-interacting protein 3-like [KO:K04436 ]
124965416 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1-like [KO:K04446 ]
124966545 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 3-like [KO:K17333 ]
124979831 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-2-like [KO:K04450 ]
124983170 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: DNA damage-inducible transcript 3 protein-like [KO:K04452 ]
124959781 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein-like [KO:K03283 ]
Compound
C01245 D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
Authors
Chen Z, Gibson TB, Robinson F, Silvestro L, Pearson G, Xu B, Wright A, Vanderbilt C, Cobb MH.
Title
MAP kinases.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Tanoue T, Nishida E.
Title
Docking interactions in the mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Dent P, Yacoub A, Fisher PB, Hagan MP, Grant S.
Title
MAPK pathways in radiation responses.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Huang EJ, Reichardt LF.
Title
Trk receptors: roles in neuronal signal transduction.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Harper SJ, LoGrasso P.
Title
Signalling for survival and death in neurones: the role of stress-activated kinases, JNK and p38.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Takeda K, Ichijo H
Title
Neuronal p38 MAPK signalling: an emerging regulator of cell fate and function in the nervous system.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Yang SH, Sharrocks AD, Whitmarsh AJ.
Title
Transcriptional regulation by the MAP kinase signaling cascades.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Zhu X, Lee HG, Raina AK, Perry G, Smith MA.
Title
The role of mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways in Alzheimer's disease.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Cho H, Lee J, Kwak NJ, Lee KH, Rha S, Kim YH, Cho YY, Yang KH, Kim K, Lim Y.
Title
Silica induces nuclear factor-kappaB activation through TAK1 and NIK in Rat2 cell line.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Lemmon MA, Schlessinger J
Title
Cell signaling by receptor tyrosine kinases.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Skaper SD
Title
The neurotrophin family of neurotrophic factors: an overview.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Chu WM
Title
Tumor necrosis factor.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Newton K, Dixit VM
Title
Signaling in innate immunity and inflammation.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Gaestel M, Kotlyarov A, Kracht M
Title
Targeting innate immunity protein kinase signalling in inflammation.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Ajibade AA, Wang HY, Wang RF
Title
Cell type-specific function of TAK1 in innate immune signaling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Turner MD, Nedjai B, Hurst T, Pennington DJ
Title
Cytokines and chemokines: At the crossroads of cell signalling and inflammatory disease.
Journal
Related pathway
ncar04070 Phosphatidylinositol signaling system
KO pathway
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